Новую Морскую доктрину утвердили в России

Опубликовано автором

ТОФ

В День Военно-морского флота президент Владимир Путин подписал указ об утверждении новой Морской доктрины России. Она скорректирована с учётом геополитических изменений в мире, информирует «Тихоокеанская Россия».

Морская доктрина — документ, в котором изложена национальная политика в области освоения и использования Мирового океана для безопасности, экономического и социального развития государства, сообщает телеграм-канал «Объясняем.РФ».

Главные направления Морской доктрины страны:

- развитие сил и инфраструктуры Черноморского флота в Крыму и на побережье Краснодарского края;
- укрепление стратегических позиций на Чёрном море;
- военно-морское присутствие в Атлантическом океане;
- строительство военных судов и морской техники на отечественных верфях с оборудованием российского производства;
- военно-морское присутствие РФ в Средиземном море;
- укрепление Северного флота;
- сдерживание сил НАТО у границ;
- снижение угрозы национальной безопасности и обеспечение стратегической стабильности в Арктическом регионе.

Новая морская доктрина России впервые за 30 лет с распада СССР предполагает обеспечение возможности строительства современных авианесущих боевых кораблей. Об этом говорится в документе, подписанном российским президентом Владимиром Путиным на день ВМФ 31 июля 2022 г., пишут «Ведомости».

В предыдущей версии морской доктрины от 2015 г. речь шла только о разработке технологий, которые бы позволяли разрабатывать «принципиально новые» образцы военно-морской техники, обладающие «ранее недостижимыми возможностями». В правительственной стратегии развития судостроения до 2035 г. (утверждена в 2019 г.) авианесущие боевые корабли для ВМФ России также не упоминаются. В то же время на 2022–2025 гг. намечено «создание головных образцов надводных кораблей».

В мае 2019 г. тогдашний вице-премьер Юрий Борисов, курировавший оборонно-промышленный комплекс (ныне – глава «Роскосмоса»), заявил ТАСС, что создание нового российского авианосца «давно в планах есть», не уточняя технических деталей и возможных сроков закладки. Опытно-конструкторские разработки в направлении строительства атомного авианосца водоизмещением 70000 т, согласно источнику агентства, должны были начаться в 2023 г.

Масштабная модель подобного многоцелевого авианосца проекта 23000 «Шторм» была представлена в 2013 г. на международном военно-техническом форуме «Армия-2015». Однако после 2016 г. проект в публичной сфере более не упоминался.

За все постсоветское 30-летие для российского ВМФ не было построено ни одного крупного авианесущего корабля – авианосца, авианесущего крейсера или десантного вертолетоносца. Лишь в июле 2020 г. на заводе «Залив» в Керчи были заложены два универсальных десантных корабля-вертолетоносца «Иван Рогов» и «Митрофан Москаленко» проекта 23900 взамен близких по типу, но не поставленных французских вертолетоносцев «Мистраль».

«Российский гособоронзаказ за последние годы значительно не увеличивается, а в текущей программе вооружений авианосцев нет, да и в новой программе вероятность их появления невелика», – считает эксперт Российского совета по международным делам (РСМД) Андрей Фролов. О том, что России они нужны, последние 20–25 лет регулярно говорят высокопоставленные профильные чиновники.

Документ предусматривает укрепление группировки Черноморского флота в Крыму. Также Россия, согласно документу, будет в целом укреплять геополитические позиции в Черном море и восточной части Средиземного с созданием постоянной группировки в Сирии.

Доктрина также предусматривает наличие пунктов материально-технического обеспечения в Азиатско-Тихоокеанском регионе и Красном море, строительство новых портовых комплексов в Балтийском море и обеспечение транспортной доступности Калининграда.

Планируются «диверсификация и активизация морской деятельности на архипелагах Шпицберген, Земля Франца-Иосифа, Новая Земля и острове Врангеля», контроль за иностранной военной активностью на Севморпути, развитие спутниковой связи и навигации в Антарктике.

Курс США и НАТО на доминирование объявлен угрозой национальной безопасности России в Мировом океане. В свою очередь, зонами, влияющими на экономику страны, национальную и стратегическую безопасность, названы побережье России, Курильские и Балтийские проливы, Черное море, восточная часть Средиземноморья и территории прохождения мировых морских транспортных коммуникаций.

Однако, по словам Фролова, сейчас с единственным таким кораблем – «Адмиралом Кузнецовым» на ремонте – фактически у России нет ни одного. Десантные вертолетоносцы, строящиеся в Керчи, на самом деле фактически не являются авианосцами, считает эксперт РСМД.

«Понадобится модернизировать весь судпром, чтобы он мог строить корабли любых размеров и водоизмещений. В данном контексте авианосец не является самоцелью, а скорее говорит о возможности строить на расширенных верфях такой класс кораблей. Речь идет скорее о заявке на то, что Россия – великая морская держава, что уже не исключает и авианосцев», – резюмировал Фролов.

В доктрине довольно обтекаемо сказано о необходимости обеспечения возможностей по строительству авианесущих кораблей, такие производственные возможности в целом есть и сейчас, если не сосредотачиваться на «суперавианосцах» типа «Нимиц», указывает научный сотрудник ИМЭМО РАН Илья Крамник. Относительно небольшой авианесущий корабль может быть в России построен прямо сейчас – это легкий авианосец, близкий к индийской «Викрамадитья» (бывший советский авианесущий крейсер «Адмирал Горшков»), считает эксперт.

Главный вопрос, по его словам, не в корабле, а в авиационной технике: нужно новое семейство палубной авиации, самолетов и вертолетов, продолжает Крамник. Если о создании таких вертолетов сообщения есть, то о самолетах – пока нет. Асимметричный выход из положения возможен – через комплектование ударными и разведывательными беспилотниками, причем с возможностью оснащения ими и подводных аппаратов, в этом направлении уже идет ряд стран, включая Турцию (надводный носитель БПЛА – десантный корабль «Анадолу») и Южную Корею, почти все новые проекты боевых кораблей там подразумевают возможность их использования как носителей летающих дронов, говорит эксперт.

Помимо нового авиакрыла и судна самого по себе нужны новые эскортные корабли, системы управления соединениями, отмечает Крамник. То есть авианосец должен венчать собой усилия по созданию образа оптимальной авианосной группировки, чего пока тоже нет.

Говоря об уязвимости авианосцев для противокорабельных ракет, в том числе береговых, Крамник напомнил, что в целом такой корабль должен нести мощную систему ПВО и/или корабли эскорта с надлежащей системой управления такими системами. В России сегодня есть верфи, инженерно-технические мощности которых позволяют строить такие суда, уверен Крамник.

Илья Лакстыгал

Подписывайтесь на «Тихоокеанскую Россию» во «ВКонтакте» и Telegram

Похожие записи


На Восточном экономическом форуме во Владивостоке Владимир Путин подчеркнул особое значение портов и транспортных коридоров: 128 комментариев

  1. After research just a few of the blog posts on your website now, and I actually like your manner of blogging. I bookmarked it to my bookmark website list and can be checking again soon. Pls take a look at my website as nicely and let me know what you think.

  3. I am often to blogging and i actually respect your content. The article has actually peaks my interest. I am going to bookmark your web site and preserve checking for brand spanking new information.

  4. I was very pleased to search out this net-site.I needed to thanks to your time for this wonderful learn!! I definitely having fun with every little little bit of it and I’ve you bookmarked to take a look at new stuff you weblog post.

  5. I like the valuable information you supply on your articles. I will bookmark your weblog and test again here frequently. I am moderately certain I will be informed lots of new stuff right here! Good luck for the following!

  6. Awesome things here. I’m very glad to peer your article. Thank you so much and I’m looking forward to touch you. Will you please drop me a mail?

  8. My coder is trying to persuade me to move to .net from PHP. I have always disliked the idea because of the expenses. But he’s tryiong none the less. I’ve been using Movable-type on several websites for about a year and am nervous about switching to another platform. I have heard excellent things about blogengine.net. Is there a way I can transfer all my wordpress content into it? Any kind of help would be really appreciated!

  9. A lot of thanks for every one of your labor on this blog. Kim really loves making time for investigation and it’s obvious why. My partner and i know all about the compelling way you convey valuable tips through the blog and strongly encourage contribution from people on the content then our own simple princess is actually studying so much. Take advantage of the remaining portion of the year. You’re conducting a powerful job.

  10. Spot on with this write-up, I actually assume this website wants rather more consideration. I抣l most likely be once more to read much more, thanks for that info.

  11. I don’t even know how I ended up here, but I thought this post was good. I don’t know who you are but definitely you are going to a famous blogger if you are not already ;) Cheers!

  12. I don’t know if it’s just me or if everyone else experiencing problems with your website. It appears like some of the text on your posts are running off the screen. Can someone else please comment and let me know if this is happening to them too? This might be a problem with my browser because I’ve had this happen before. Thanks

  13. I like what you guys are up too. This sort of clever work and coverage! Keep up the amazing works guys I’ve incorporated you guys to my personal blogroll.

  14. Hello there, simply became aware of your blog thru Google, and found that it is really informative. I’m gonna watch out for brussels. I will appreciate for those who continue this in future. Lots of other folks shall be benefited from your writing. Cheers!

  15. all the time i used to read smaller posts which also clear their motive, and that is also happening with this post which I am reading at this place.

  16. Thank you for another informative web site. Where else may just I am getting that kind of info written in such a perfect way? I have a challenge that I am simply now operating on, and I have been at the glance out for such information.

  18. Nice post. I learn one thing more challenging on different blogs everyday. It is going to always be stimulating to learn content material from other writers and apply somewhat one thing from their store. I抎 desire to use some with the content on my blog whether you don抰 mind. Natually I抣l provide you with a hyperlink on your internet blog. Thanks for sharing.

  22. Hi, Neat post. There is a problem with your site in internet explorer, may check this? IE still is the marketplace leader and a big component of other folks will omit your great writing due to this problem.

  23. This is the suitable blog for anyone who needs to search out out about this topic. You understand a lot its virtually laborious to argue with you (not that I really would want匟aHa). You definitely put a brand new spin on a topic thats been written about for years. Nice stuff, just great!

  27. Hi there just wanted to give you a quick heads up. The text in your article
    seem to be running off the screen in Ie. I’m not sure if this is a formatting issue or something
    to do with web browser compatibility but I figured I’d post to let
    you know. The style and design look great though!

    Hope you get the problem fixed soon. Many thanks

  28. Oh my goodness! an amazing article dude. Thank you Nevertheless I am experiencing issue with ur rss . Don抰 know why Unable to subscribe to it. Is there anyone getting an identical rss drawback? Anyone who is aware of kindly respond. Thnkx

  30. Youre so cool! I dont suppose Ive learn something like this before. So good to search out someone with some original thoughts on this subject. realy thank you for starting this up. this website is something that’s needed on the net, somebody with a little bit originality. useful job for bringing one thing new to the internet!

  34. Oh my goodness! a tremendous article dude. Thanks However I am experiencing concern with ur rss . Don抰 know why Unable to subscribe to it. Is there anybody getting equivalent rss downside? Anyone who is aware of kindly respond. Thnkx

  39. I precisely wished to say thanks all over again. I do not know the things I might have carried out in the absence of the type of concepts discussed by you on that question. It became a real daunting setting in my circumstances, however , encountering a professional approach you solved it forced me to weep over joy. Now i’m thankful for this advice and hope you are aware of a powerful job that you’re carrying out teaching the mediocre ones thru your webpage. Most probably you haven’t come across any of us.

  40. I am extremely impressed with your writing skills and also with the layout on your blog. Is this a paid theme or did you customize it yourself? Either way keep up the nice quality writing, it’s rare to see a nice blog like this one nowadays.

  42. Nice post. I used to be checking continuously this blog and I am inspired! Very useful information specially the remaining part :) I deal with such info a lot. I used to be seeking this particular info for a long timelong time. Thank you and good luck.

  46. Can I just say what a aid to search out someone who truly is aware of what theyre talking about on the internet. You definitely know learn how to bring a problem to mild and make it important. More individuals need to read this and understand this side of the story. I cant consider youre not more widespread because you positively have the gift.

  49. Oh my goodness! an amazing article dude. Thank you Nevertheless I’m experiencing concern with ur rss . Don抰 know why Unable to subscribe to it. Is there anyone getting an identical rss problem? Anybody who is aware of kindly respond. Thnkx

  56. Yesterday, while I was at work, my sister stole my iphone and tested to see if it can survive a twenty five foot drop, just so she can be a youtube sensation. My iPad is now broken and she has 83 views. I know this is entirely off topic but I had to share it with someone!

  57. Hello there, just became alert to your blog through Google,
    and found that it’s truly informative. I’m gonna watch out for brussels.
    I’ll appreciate if you continue this in future.
    Numerous people will be benefited from your writing. Cheers!

  58. I blog quite often and I really appreciate your content. This great article has really peaked my interest. I will bookmark your website and keep checking for new information about once a week. I subscribed to your RSS feed as well.

  60. Aw, this was a very nice post. In thought I wish to put in writing like this moreover ?taking time and precise effort to make an excellent article?however what can I say?I procrastinate alot and not at all seem to get something done.

  62. Greetings from Carolina! I’m bored to tears at work so I decided to check out your site on my iphone during lunch break. I really like the knowledge you present here and can’t wait to take a look when I get home. I’m amazed at how quick your blog loaded on my cell phone .. I’m not even using WIFI, just 3G .. Anyhow, very good site!

  63. If some one wants expert view regarding blogging and site-building then i suggest him/her to visit this website, Keep up the good job.

  66. I all the time used to read post in news papers but now as I am a user of web thus from now I am using net for articles, thanks to web.

  69. The next time I learn a blog, I hope that it doesnt disappoint me as much as this one. I imply, I do know it was my choice to read, however I truly thought youd have something fascinating to say. All I hear is a bunch of whining about one thing that you could possibly repair if you werent too busy looking for attention.

  72. You’re so cool! I don’t suppose I have read something like this before. So great to find someone with a few original thoughts on this subject. Really.. thanks for starting this up. This website is something that is needed on the web, someone with a little originality!

  74. Nice blog here! Also your site lots up fast! What host are you the use of? Can I am getting your associate link for your host? I want my site loaded up as fast as yours lol

  76. Hi there! This article couldn’t be written any better! Going through this post reminds me of my previous roommate! He always kept talking about this. I am going to forward this information to him. Pretty sure he will have a very good read. Thank you for sharing!

  77. Hey There. I found your blog using msn. This is an extremely well written article. I will be sure to bookmark it and come back to read more of your useful information. Thank you for the post. I will definitely comeback.

  78. I found your blog website on google and examine a couple of of your early posts. Proceed to maintain up the superb operate. I simply further up your RSS feed to my MSN News Reader. Looking for forward to reading extra from you afterward!?

  81. When I originally commented I clicked the «Notify me when new comments are added» checkbox and now each time a comment is added I get four emails with the same comment. Is there any way you can remove me from that service? Thanks!

  86. I wish to voice my admiration for your kindness supporting persons that really need guidance on this particular study. Your very own dedication to passing the solution around appears to be incredibly invaluable and has in most cases helped others just like me to reach their targets. Your amazing warm and friendly facts means a whole lot a person like me and substantially more to my mates. With thanks; from all of us.

  87. Pretty great post. I simply stumbled upon your blog and wanted to mention that I have really enjoyed browsing your blog posts. In any case I’ll be subscribing on your feed and I hope you write again soon!

  88. Aw, this was a very nice post. In idea I would like to put in writing like this moreover ?taking time and precise effort to make an excellent article?but what can I say?I procrastinate alot and by no means seem to get one thing done.

  89. Hey there are using WordPress for your blog platform? I’m new to the blog world but I’m trying to get started and create my own. Do you need any coding knowledge to make your own blog? Any help would be greatly appreciated!

  92. Its like you read my mind! You seem to know so much about this, like you wrote the book in it or something. I think that you could do with some pics to drive the message home a bit, but other than that, this is wonderful blog. An excellent read. I’ll definitely be back.

  96. I have been surfing online more than 3 hours today, yet I never found any interesting article like yours. It’s pretty worth enough for me. In my opinion, if all webmasters and bloggers made good content as you did, the net will be much more useful than ever before.

  99. You made some respectable points there. I regarded on the web for the issue and found most people will go along with together with your website.

  100. Simply wish to say your article is as surprising. The clearness in your post is simply cool and i can assume you are an expert on this subject. Well with your permission allow me to grab your RSS feed to keep up to date with forthcoming post. Thanks a million and please keep up the rewarding work.

  101. When I originally commented I clicked the «Notify me when new comments are added» checkbox and now each time a comment is added I get three emails with the same comment. Is there any way you can remove me from that service? Thanks a lot!

  105. Hey there this is kinda of off topic but I was wondering if blogs use WYSIWYG editors or if you have to manually code with HTML. I’m starting a blog soon but have no coding experience so I wanted to get advice from someone with experience. Any help would be greatly appreciated!

  106. The following time I read a weblog, I hope that it doesnt disappoint me as much as this one. I imply, I know it was my option to learn, however I really thought youd have one thing fascinating to say. All I hear is a bunch of whining about something that you possibly can repair if you happen to werent too busy on the lookout for attention.

  107. Nice post. I learn something new and challenging on blogs I stumbleupon every day. It will always be exciting to read content from other writers and practice a little something from their websites.

  108. Can I just say what a relief to find somebody who actually is aware of what theyre speaking about on the internet. You definitely know how to convey a difficulty to light and make it important. Extra individuals need to learn this and understand this facet of the story. I cant imagine youre not more standard because you undoubtedly have the gift.

  109. Hi there would you mind letting me know which webhost you’re utilizing? I’ve loaded your blog in 3 completely different internet browsers and I must say this blog loads a lot quicker then most. Can you suggest a good web hosting provider at a reasonable price? Thanks a lot, I appreciate it!

  112. Hello There. I found your blog using msn. This is a really well written article.
    I will make sure to bookmark it and come back to read more of your useful
    information. Thanks for the post. I will certainly return.

  114. Just want to say your article is as amazing. The clearness
    to your submit is simply cool and that i could think you are a
    professional on this subject. Well with your permission let me to grab your feed to keep up to date with imminent post.
    Thanks a million and please carry on the rewarding work.

  115. Hi, i think that i saw you visited my web site so i came to “return the
    favor”.I’m trying to find things to enhance my web site!I suppose its ok
    to use some of your ideas!!

  116. You really make it seem so easy with your presentation but I find this topic to be really something which I think I would never understand. It seems too complicated and very broad for me. I am looking forward for your next post, I will try to get the hang of it!

  125. Having read this I believed it was very enlightening.
    I appreciate you spending some time and effort to put this informative article together.

    I once again find myself personally spending a lot of time both reading and posting comments.
    But so what, it was still worthwhile!

  127. An impressive share, I just given this onto a colleague who was doing a little evaluation on this. And he in fact purchased me breakfast because I found it for him.. smile. So let me reword that: Thnx for the treat! But yeah Thnkx for spending the time to debate this, I feel strongly about it and love reading extra on this topic. If possible, as you change into experience, would you thoughts updating your blog with extra particulars? It is highly helpful for me. Large thumb up for this weblog submit!

  128. Dalam beberapa waktu terbaru, dengan maxwin telah menjadi semakin populer
    di kalangan pemain judi online di Indonesia. Situs-situs judi
    terkemuka menawarkan berbagai permainan slot online yang
    menjanjikan kesempatan besar untuk meraih jackpot maxwin yang menggiurkan. Hal ini telah menciptakan fenomena di
    mana pemain mencari situs slot online yang dapat memberikan pengalaman gacor yg menghasilkan kemenangan besar.

    Salah dua alasan utama mengapa semakin diminati adalah kemudahan aksesnya.
    Pemain dapat dengan mudah memainkan slot online melalui
    perangkat komputer, laptop, atau smartphone mereka. Ini memungkinkan para pemain untuk merasakan sensasi dan keseruan dari slot online gacor kapan saja dan di
    mana saja tanpa harus pergi ke kasino fisik.
    Selain itu, ada juga opsi untuk bermain secara gratis dengan akun demo sebelum memutuskan untuk
    bermain dgn uang sungguhan.

Добавить комментарий

Ваш e-mail не будет опубликован.

Можно использовать следующие HTML-теги и атрибуты: <a href="" title=""> <abbr title=""> <acronym title=""> <b> <blockquote cite=""> <cite> <code> <del datetime=""> <em> <i> <q cite=""> <strike> <strong>