Морской биолог Алексей Жирмунский в науке стал выдающимся учёным, академиком от моря, а во Владивостоке многие помнят его как основателя Института биологии моря Академии наук и уникальной Малой академии морской биологии. 15 октября исполнилось сто лет со дня рождения А.В. Жирмунского (1921-20 октября 2000). Юбилею учёного посвятили Международную научную конференцию «Морская биология в XXI веке: достижения и перспективы развития», информирует «Тихоокеанская Россия», ТоРосс.
Он родился в Петрограде в семье лингвиста и литературоведа, специалиста по истории германских языков, истории немецкой и английской литературы Виктора Максимовича Жирмунского, трижды подвергавшегося арестам, но в итоге ставшего академиком АН СССР, а также почётным членом Баварской, Британской, Саксонской и ряда других академий. Но А.В. Жирмунского больше заинтересовала биология. В 1939 году Алексей Викторович поступил на биологический факультет Ленинградского университета, но вскоре был призван на действительную службу в Красную Армию. Он попал в Запорожье, в 16-й зенитно-артиллерийский полк противовоздушной обороны. С началом Великой Отечественной войны его полк держал оборону на берегах Днепра, затем защищал переправы через Дон возле Ростова, а позднее Северный Кавказ, Грозный. В 1944 году полк вёл военные действия в районе нефтяного центра в Плоешти в Румынии. Закончил войну Алексей Викторович командиром зенитного взвода в Чехословакии.
После войны А.В. Жирмунский вернулся в университет, закончив в 1950 году Биолого-почвенный факультет ЛГУ по специальности «физиология клетки». В 1954 году защитил кандидатскую, а в 1971 — докторскую диссертацию «Теплоустойчивость клеток и распределение донных животных в верхних зонах моря».
По поручению Президиума Академии наук СССР, в 1966 году А.В. Жирмунский вместе с соратниками приступил к работе по организации Института биологии моря во Владивостоке. Первоначально был создан Отдел биологии моря, в структуре которого были лишь две единицы – лаборатория экспериментальной экологии и лаборатория систематики и морской гидробиологии. Жирмунского назначили заведующим Отделом. В январе 1970 года на базе Отдела и был организован Институт биологии моря Дальневосточного филиала Сибирского отделения Академии наук СССР, директором которого стал Алексей Викторович Жирмунский.
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Международная научная конференция «Морская биология в XXI веке: достижения и перспективы развития» прошла во Владивостоке в начале октября на площадках Национального научного центра морской биологии имени А.В. Жирмунского ДВО РАН и Научно-образовательного комплекса «Приморский океанариум» ДВО РАН. В её работе приняли участие представители научных организаций из Владивостока, Севастополя, Москвы, Санкт-Петербурга, Хабаровска, Магадана, Тюмени, а также их коллеги из Китая, Германии, Индии, США и Канады. Форум, как отметила, выступая на его открытии и.о. директора Национального научного центра морской биологии им. А.В. Жирмунского ДВО РАН член-корреспондент Российской Академии наук Инесса Валерьевна Дюйзен, посвящён 100-летию академика А.В. Жирмунского, кроме того, прошёл в рамках «Десятилетия наук об океане в интересах устойчивого развития», объявленного ООН на период с 2021 по 2031 год с целью мобилизации научного сообщества, международной координации и партнёрства в укреплении исследовательского потенциала и сотрудничества в области морских наук и технологий. Она также выразила надежду, что международная конференция, о которой столько лет мечтали учёные-морские биологи, станет площадкой для объединения усилий тех людей, которые во всём мире занимаются изучением тайн, законов, ресурсов океана и способов их применения.
А председатель Дальневосточного отделения Российской Академии наук академик Валентин Иванович Сергиенко ещё раз напомнил участникам конференции, что Национальный научный центр морской биологии Дальневосточного отделения РАН с гордостью носит имя своего создателя, выдающегося учёного А.В. Жирмунского.
«В прошлом году Центр отпраздновал пятидесятилетие, а пять лет назад двери распахнул уникальный Научно-образовательный комплекс «Приморский океанариум», первый камень в основание которого заложил замечательный учёный, неутомимый подвижник и энтузиаст, убедивший Москву, что помимо научных станций на Тихоокеанском побережье должен быть океанариум. Алексей Викторович — самая яркая звезда в плеяде отечественных и мировых морских учёных-биологов. Человек тонкой души, обладавший неиссякаемой энергией и отменным чувством юмора, доброжелательный и отзывчивый по отношению к друзьям и коллегам, к молодым людям. Сегодня по всей стране мне встречаются воспитанные им ученики, возглавляющие институты, центры и научные школы. Более двухсот высококвалифицированных специалистов подготовлено за полвека! Благодаря академику Алексею Викторовичу Жирмунскому и его делам, вы можете гордиться тем, что Национальный научный центр во Владивостоке признан лидером мировой морской биологии, и свидетельством тому — Международная конференция «Морская биология в двадцать первом веке: достижения и перспективы развития», насыщенная докладами российских и зарубежных учёных, ваших партнёров, с которыми вместе изучаете жизнь в Мировом океане».
Одну из сессий конференции её организаторы также посвятили памяти академика Жирмунского, его жизни и работе. С проникновенным докладом и видео-экспозицией, содержавшими интересные факты из биографии Алексея Викторовича и архивные снимки, выступила его супруга профессор Дальневосточного федерального университета Надежда Константиновна Христофорова.
Впрочем, и многие доклады последующих сессий оказались напрямую связаны с именем выдающегося ученого-биолога. В частности, сообщение заместителя директора ННЦМБ им. А.В. Жирмунского ДВО РАН по научной работе кандидата биологических наук Татьяны Юрьевны Орловой, посвященное результатам 30-летнего исследования вредоносного цветения водорослей на Восточном побережье России.
«Алексей Викторович был не просто вдохновителем, а человеком, который указал на важнейшее направление проведенного исследования, в которое я была вовлечена, и лично в моей судьбе этот человек сыграл определяющую роль, и, безусловно, моя благодарность ему бесконечная, — рассказала Татьяна Юрьевна. — Для меня лично эта конференция — дань памяти моему Учителю. Самое главное, чтобы молодое поколение, которое приходит в науку, помнило имена таких людей, потому что Жирмунский — это не просто выдающийся учёный, не просто академик, это основатель направления морской биологии в России, это человек-маяк».
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К 100-летию выдающегося учёного, талантливого организатора и руководителя, яркого педагога и замечательного человека академика Алексея Викторовича Жирмунского сотрудниками Центральной научной библиотеки Дальневосточного отделения РАН подготовлена виртуальная выставка, которая работает с 11 по 22 октября 2021 года.
А выставка «Академик от моря», развёрнутая в холле Национального научного центра морской биологии ДВО РАН на Пальчевского, 17 (бывший Институт биологии моря ДВО РАН на «Чайке»), продолжит свою работу до 1 ноября.
Имени академика Жирмунского
В целях увековечения памяти выдающегося учёного, академика Алексея Викторовича Жирмунского, создавшего во Владивостоке Институт биологии моря ДВО РАН и успешно руководившего им в течение 18 лет, Президиум Российской Академии наук своим решением от 20 сентября 2005 года постановил присвоить имя академика А.В. Жирмунского Институту биологии моря ДВО РАН и впредь именовать его – Институт биологии моря имени А.В. Жирмунского Дальневосточного отделения Российской Академии наук. 1 сентября 2016 года на базе Института биологии моря ДВО РАН с присоединением к нему Дальневосточного морского заповедника и Приморского океанариума организован Национальный научный центр морской биологии ДВО РАН (ННЦМБ ДВО РАН). В сентябре 2018 года Национальному научному центру морской биологии присвоено имя академика А. В. Жирмунского.
Дальневосточным отделением РАН в целях поощрения учёных за научные труды, открытия, имеющие важное значение для фундаментальных и прикладных исследований, результаты которых опубликованы в ведущих отечественных и зарубежных журналах и монографиях, учреждена премия имени А.В. Жирмунского, которая присуждается за работы в области экологии.
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